Phytopharmacy Research

There are a number of people in India who use Polygonum arenastrum as an anthelmintic herb. The leaves of Polygonum
arenastrum were studied pharmacognostically, phytochemically, and pharmacologically. Water soluble extractive value and
alcohol soluble extractive value were determined, as well as physicochemical constants such as moisture content, ash values
and extractive values. It was determined that the extract obtained from successive solvent extractions could contain a number
of phytochemical compounds after a preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out. Soxhlet apparatus was used to extract
leaves of Polygonum arenastrum with solvents benzene, acetone, ethanol, and water. In order to determine the anthelmintic
potential of the extract, Indian earthworms were used in the study. Polygonum arenastrum ethanol extract has been found to
possess significant activity when compared to other ethanol extracts

Drug delivery systems (DDS) are formulations that allow the introduction of therapeutic substances into the body and improve
their efficacy and safety by regulating the rate, time, and location of drug release. The term "drug carrier" refers to any
substrate used in the delivery of drugs in order to improve their selectivity, effectiveness and safety. Formulation were
evaluated for its Physicochemical characteristic such as particle size, Polydispersity index, zeta potential and also evaluated for
entrapment efficiency, Drug content, In vitro drug release study

Medical Science advancements have made it possible to develop a large number of drugs. A qualitative analysis identifies the presence or absence of certain components in a sample in order to provide us with information about the sample's nature. The potential pharmacological properties of many plants are constantly being investigated (such as inflammatory, hypotensive, hypoglycaemic, amoebicidals, antifertility, cytotoxic and antibiotics). Psoralea corylifolia belongs to the family Fabaceae which is commonly known as blue pea. There are 130 species in the Fabaceae family's Psoralea genus, most of which are found in South Africa, North and South America, and Australia. Phytochemical evaluation is used to determine the nature of Phytoconstituents present in the plant by using suitable chemical tests as per standard procedure. Solvent mixture was selected on the basis of the phytoconstituents present in each extract. The separation of constituents in the extract of Psoralea corylifolia was performed by HPLC-UV and MS in negative ion mode. HPTLC technique is helpful in order to check the identity, purity and standardize the quantity of active principles present in the herbal extract. Powdered drugs are generally identified by their physiochemical parameters. Physiochemical property characterization has gained strength in the pharmaceutical industry and has become a standard procedure. Loss on drying, total ash, soluble and insoluble ash, extractive values are reliable aids for detecting adulteration. The HPTLC chromatogram for Psoralea corylifolia (HAEPC) showed significant separation of three phytoconstituents with Rf values ranging from 0. 43 to 0.83. HPTLC studies indicate the plant extract contains three phytoconstituents. We studied macroscopy and physicochemical parameters to identify adulterants. Carbohydrates, Proteins, Steroids, Terpenoids, and Flavonoids were detected in the crude drug and formulated lozenges. This will help in preventing variation in the quality of the drug because the physicochemical constants were determined. P. corylifolia contains bavachin, bakuchiol, and psoralen, all of which are commercially available

Many plant species are used by traditional healers and indigenous medical systems (including Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani) to treat a variety of human and animal illnesses. Studies on the plant's phytochemistry found that it included substances such friedelin, euphanol, gallic acid, genstisic acid, cinnamate, ferulic acid, azimine, azcarpine, and carpaine. Standard phytochemical tests, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography–MS, and other chromatographic techniques, as well as spectral analyses such as nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared, have been utilized by a variety of researchers in order to identify chemicals or phytochemical groups that are present in different parts of the plant. Ash values, extractive values, loss on drying and foreign organic matters were determined as per the standard WHO guidelines which is very much useful in the determination of quality and purity of the crude drugs. Ethanolic extract of Azima tetracanta is subjected to qualitative chemical analysis. The extract was analysed using a liquid chromatography (Shimadzu, Japan). Thin Layer Chromatography of the Ethanolic extract of Azima tetracanta was performed and Rf values were determined. Ethanolic extract of Azima tetracanta was subjected to in vitro antioxidant studies. Ethanolic extract of A. tetracantha leaves exhibited a concentration dependant free radical scavenging property as observed from hydrogen peroxide assay. Antioxidant property of A. tetracantha may be one of the reasons for its use as a rejuvenating drug in the traditional medicinal practices

ZnO is a transparent electrode material that has been employed in emerging applications of transparent electrodes in liquid crystal displays, as well as in heat-absorbing or energy-saving windows. The physical, optical and electrical properties of zinc oxide are unique among transition metal oxides. Pharmaceuticals, electronics, consumer goods, optical and electrical devices, and environmental remediation are among the many fields in which they can be used because of their unique properties. ZnO is also being used in electronics for thin-film transistors and light-emitting diodes

The plant A. tetracantha is shown to contain a variety of phytochemicals which are distributed in various parts of the plant. Nutritional composition of leaves of A. tetracantha Potassium and manganese were detected in highest quantity among major and minor elements. Easy to manufactures and chief in cost. Nanogel was first introduced to define cross-linked bifunctional networks a polyion and a non-ionic polymer for delivery of polynucleotides and poly ethylene glycol (PEG). Nanogels are very promising in drug delivery applications due to their high loading capacity

To look for an herbal substance that can prevent the plaque-producing bacteria Streptococcus mutans. Methods: Using hydro alcohol, Sesbania grandiflora leaves and Costus speciosus rhizomes were extracted (70:30). They were then tested in vitro on Mueller-Hinton media against Streptococcus mutans at a concentration of 10% (w/v). As a positive control, azithromycin (20 mg disc) was used. Results: With inhibited zone widths of 17.5 and 13.5 mm, respectively, Sesbania grandiflora (S. grandiflora) leaves and Costus speciosus rhizome extracts demonstrated the most effective activity of the examined samples. S. grandiflora's activity (diameter = 18.0 mm) was comparable to that of azithromycin. The flower of the S. grandiflora plant holds promise for use as an anti-plaque toothpaste and mouthwash solution active ingredient